Solar storms and their associated effects, collectively known as space weather, can have a range of impacts on the Earth. Some of the most notable impacts include:

Geomagnetic storms: When a CME interacts with the Earth’s magnetic field, it can create a disturbance known as a geomagnetic storm. These storms can cause fluctuations in the Earth’s magnetic field, which can in turn induce electric currents in power grids, pipelines, and other infrastructure. This can lead to power outages, disruptions to communication systems, and other issues.

Radiation exposure: Solar storms can release high levels of radiation, including energetic particles and X-rays. This can pose a risk to astronauts in space, as well as to people in high-altitude aircraft.

Auroras: When charged particles from a solar storm interact with the Earth’s atmosphere, they can create colorful displays of light known as auroras. While these are a beautiful spectacle, they can also interfere with communication systems and other infrastructure.

Satellite disruptions: Solar storms can disrupt the operation of satellites, including GPS and communication satellites. This can lead to interruptions in services such as navigation, television, and internet.

Overall, while solar storms are a natural phenomenon, they can have significant impacts on our modern technology and infrastructure. As a result, it is important to monitor and understand space weather in order to minimize its potential impact.